Understanding
Basic Spelling Rules
1. Changing y to i : When a word ends in
a consonant plus y , change y to i when you add an ending (but keep the y before -ing).
try
+ ed = tried easy
+ er = easier
defy + es = defies carry + ed =
carried
ready
+ ness = readiness penny + less
= penniless
2. Final
Silent e : Drop a final e before an ending that starts with a vowel
(a, e, I, o, u).
Create +ive = creative believe + able = believable
nerve + ous = nervous share +
ing = sharing
# Keep the final e before an ending that starts with a
consonant.
extreme + ly = extremely life +
less = lifeless
hope
+ ful = hopeful excite +
ment = excitement
3. Doubling
a Final Consonant : Double the final consonant of a word
when all three of the following are true
:
a.
The word is one syllable or is accented of last syllable.
b.
The word ends in a single
consonant preceded by a single vowel.
c.
The ending you are adding
starts with a vowel.
shop
+ er = shopper thin + est
= thinnest
equip +
ed = equipped submit
+ ed = submitted
swim + ing =
swimming drag
+ ed =
dragged
Rules of Changing Tense at a
Glance:
Present Tense
|
Past Tense
|
Future Tense
|
Am
|
Was
|
Shall be
|
Is
|
Was
|
Will be
|
Are
|
Were
|
Will be
|
Have
|
Had
|
Shall have / will have
|
Has
|
Had
|
Shall have / will have
|
Do/ do not/don’t
|
Did/did not/ didn’t
|
Shall/will/shall
not/shan’t/will not/won’t
|
Does/does not/ doesn’t
|
Did/did not/ didn’t
|
Will /will not/won’t
|
Can
|
could
|
…………
|
May
|
might
|
………..
|
shall
|
should
|
|
will
|
would
|
|
V1
|
V2
|
Shall+V1 / will+V1
|
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